Effects of doping La and Cu on photoinduced charge properties of TiO2 and its relationships with photocatalytic activity

The pure, 1 mol% only La or only Cu doped TiO₂ and La and Cu codoped TiO₂ were prepared by a sol-gel process. The effects of doping on photoinduced charge properties of nanosized TiO₂ were mainly investigated by means of Surface Photovoltage Spectrum (SPS) and Photoluminescence Spectrum (PL), together with their relationships with photocatalytic activity. The results show that La dopant can inhibit the phase transformation of TiO₂, meanwhile improve the separation rate of photoinduced charge carriers, and enrich the binding surface states. However, Cu dopant has a reverse effect compared to La dopant. This is responsible for the results that doping La is favorable for the increase in the photocatalytic activity for degrading the RhB solution, while doping Cu is bad to photocatalyitc reaction. In addition, codoping La and Cu cannot exhibit an obvious combination effect.     

Synthesis of a carbon analogue of N-acetylmannosamine via acetolysis on a relatively stable ozonide

After a 2-methylpropenyl group was added to a carbohydrate framework through regioselective opening of a glucose-derived epoxide, hydrolysis or acetolysis of the methyl glycoside in various derivatives was problematic. Ozonolysis of the olefin followed by brief treatment with dimethyl sulfide gave a mixture of diastereomeric ozonides that proved to be stable for weeks at room temperature. Acetolysis of these ozonides at low temperature allowed selective cleavage of the methyl glycoside in the presence of the 1,2,4-trioxolane as well as selective formation of the alpha-acetate.     

差频瑞利增强极化拍的零差探测研究

基于马尔可夫随机场模型的理论给出了差频瑞利增强极化拍（REPB）的解析解，并且研究了三种马尔可夫随机场模型下场关联效应和瑞利型共振增强效应对拍频信号的影响，指出了振幅涨落和位相涨落在时域和频域的不同作用.差频REPB信号展现出了时域对称特性，信号在三种马尔可夫随机场模型下的差别随着带宽的增大逐渐消失.     

共沸混合工质HFC23/FC116沸腾传热实验研究

实验测量了二元共沸混合工质HFC23/FC116的池核沸腾传热特性。实验测量的加热面为紫铜表面,热流密度范围为50kW/m~2～300kw/m~2。同时实验结果与复叠温区常用制冷剂HFC13和R503的传热性能进行了比较。最后通过对实验数据进行多元回归分析,得到了共沸混合工质传热系数计算关联式,此关联式的计算值与实验值的偏差在±10%以内。     

Preparation of large-pore mesoporous nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films with tailored pore diameters

A novel and facile synthesis route to large-pore mesoporous nanocrystalline anatase thin films with tunable pore diameters in narrow distribution of sizes ranging from 8.3 to 14 nm is reported, using triblock copolymer as the template and Ti(OBu(n))4 as the inorganic precursor. The obtained materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption. A reasonable formation mechanism is also presented in this work.     

A novel metal‐organic coordination complex crystal: tris allylthiourea zinc bromide (ATZB) as a nonlinear optical material

A new second order nonlinear optical coordination complex crystal tris allylthiourea zinc bromide was synthesized and grown from ethanol for the first time. Elemental analyses, X‐ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the new material. The thermal characterization was determined by the differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The transmission spectrum of the crystal shows a wide transparent UV‐Vis‐NIR band. The powder SHG efficiency is higher than that of urea crystal. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Polyethylene-Montmorillonite Nanocomposites: Preparation,Characterization and Properties

Polyethylene(PE)/clay nanocomposites have been successfully prepared by in situ polymerization with an intercalation catalyst titanium-montmorillonite (Ti-MMT) and analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier transform infrared analysis (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differentail scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and tensile testing. XRD and TEM indicate that the clay is exfoliated into nanometer size and disorderedly dispersed in the PE matrix, and the PE crystallinity of PE/clay nanocomposite declines to 15∼30%. Compared with pure PE, PE/clay nanocomposites behave higher thermal, physical and mechanical properties; the layer structure of the clay decreases the polymerization activity and produce polymer with a high molecular weight. For PE/clay nanocomposites, the highest tensile strength of 33.4 MPa and Young's modulus of 477.4 MPa has been achieved when clay content is 7.7 wt %. The maximum thermal decomposition temperature is up to 110 °C higher, but the thermal decomposition temperature of the PE/clay nanocomposites decreases with the increases of the clay contents in the PE matrix.     

IGCC中燃气轮机全工况网络特性

本文基于对ＩＧＣＣ系统的全面分析研究,归纳总结了导致燃气轮机工况变化的主要原因;应用双开口变量（整体空分系数（Ｘａｓ）和氮气回注系数（Ｘｇｎ））和折合系统效率的概念,建立了ＩＧＣＣ中燃气轮机全工况特性简化模型;并通过大量定量计算,得出不同Ｘａｓ和Ｘｇｎ组合条件下,ＩＧＣＣ中燃气轮机全工况网络特性,为确定系统变工况最佳调节规律提供全面信息。     

Effect of contact time,pH, humic acid and temperature on the sorption of radionuclide Am(III) onto attapulgite

Attapulgite has been applied in the sorption of metal and radionuclide ions since its discovery. Herein, radionuclide Am(III) sorption onto attapulgite was carried out at 25 °C in 0.01 mol/L NaNO₃ solutions. Effects of contact time, Am(III) initial concentration, pH, humic acid and temperature on Am(III) sorption onto attapulgite were investigated. The sorption of Am(III) increases with increasing contact time and reaches a maximum value within 24 h at different Am(III) initial concentration. The fast sorption velocity indicates that strong chemical sorption or strong surface complexation contributes to the sorption of Am(III) onto attapulgite under the experimental conditions. The experimental data can be described well by the pseudo-second-order rate model. The sorption of Am(III) onto attapulgite is strongly dependent on pH values and surface complexation is the main sorption mechanism. The presence of HA enhances the sorption of Am(III) onto attapulgite at pH < 8.5, whereas, at pH > 8.5, little effect of HA on Am(III) sorption is observed. The Langmuir, Freundlich and D-R models were used to simulate the sorption data at different pH values and the results indicated that Langmuir model simulates the experimental data better than Freundlich and D-R models. The thermodynamic parameters indicates that the sorption of Am(III) onto attapulgite is an endothermic and spontaneous process. The results suggest that the attapulgite is a suitable material as an adsorbent for preconcentration and immobilization of Am(III) from aqueous solutions.     

Production of 62Zn radioactive nuclear beam and on-line PAC investigation of quadrupole interaction in nano-magnetic material Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9

An Isotope Separator On-Line (ISOL), dedicated to on-line perturbed angular correlation (PAC) and positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS), has been constructed at CIAE based on the HI-13 tandem accelerator, and a 30 keV radioactive beam of ⁶²Zn with intensity of 2 ×10⁷/s produced by it. Using the ⁶²Zn radioactive beam the investigation of the nano-crystalline soft magnetic Fe_73.5Cu₁Nb₃Si_13.5B₉ materials has been fulfiled for the first time by the on-line time differential PAC technique. Two quadrupole interaction frequencies ω ₀₁ (?=?440 Mrad/s) and ω ₀₂ (?=?90 Mrad/s) were gained, indicating there are two implantation sites of ⁶²Zn. The frequency ω ₀₂ shows a fluctuation of the crystal lattice constants and proves the characteristic distribution model of nano-crystalline grain boundary. The frequency ω ₀₁ demonstrates that the implanted ⁶²Zn occupies the site of the ordered grain core. The fractions of ω ₀₁ and ω ₀₂ are f₀₁?=?38 % and f₀₂?=?62 %, respectively.